Deliberation Process Analysis of Community Based Forest Management Policies Implementation in Indonesia

Political and social changes since Indonesian’s reformation placed Perhutani in an uneasy position. It led to massive deforestation and degradation in state forests land in Java untill now. These acts, perpetrated by miss-management and decrease in the quality of forests resource, were driven by a complicated set of issues. Community Based Forest Management (CBFM known as PHBM) was introduced by Indonesian Forest Enterprises (Perhutani)  during a period of political and social transition in Indonesia, to address increasing rate of forest degradation in Java. The debates between proponents and opponents of the scheme within Perhutani consumed much of the agency’s time and energy otherwise invested into PHBM implementation on the field. As a result, PHBM stalled as it was not integrated effectively into the organization of forestry resources management planning. It is due to the gaps in perceptions between community and Perhutani. Additionally, PHBM not managed according to the Collaborative Forest Management principles, and the dominant roles of Perhutani in the implementation of PHBM steer it towards Co-optation Forest Management.