DOI : https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.12.1.14267

Potency of Utilizing Sago Starch as Natural Resource from Papua in the Production of Biodegradable Plastic

Yane O Ansanay (1), Dirk Y.P Runtuboi (2), Estiko T Wiradyo (3)
(1) Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura, 99351, Indonesia
(2) Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Cenderawasih, Jayapura, 99351, Indonesia
(3) Papua Provincial Forest and Conversation Office, Jayapura, 99116, Indonesia
Fulltext View | Download
How to cite (IJASEIT) :
Ansanay, Yane O, et al. “Potency of Utilizing Sago Starch As Natural Resource from Papua in the Production of Biodegradable Plastic”. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, vol. 12, no. 1, Jan. 2022, pp. 353-8, doi:10.18517/ijaseit.12.1.14267.
Citation Format :
The use of conventional plastic has become a priority in various aspects of life but has contributed to environmental problems from the aspect of managing plastic waste. In this study, the feedstock of Sago Starch from Papua was utilized for its potency to produce biodegradable plastic by varying several parameters of chitosan, glycerol, and acetic acid at different levels. The optimum biodegradable plastic characterization of tensile strength of 7.41 MPa, elongation at break corresponding to 24.17%, and the fastest of 40 days durability of completely removed wastes of degradable plastics were achieved. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the strength of biodegradable plastic was affected by the amount of chitosan added, while the level of breaking downlinked to elongation at break and degradable period was related to the amount of glycerol as plasticizer used. Acetic acid was found to improve the solubility of the starch by acting as a catalysator, therefore making the homogenization become easily achieved. In addition, the SAS model was used to perform the interaction of all parameters to the characterizations measured of tensile strength and elongation at break. Hence, statistically, all glycerol, chitosan, and acetic acid parameters significantly affected biodegradable plastics characterizations (p < 0.05). By utilizing the right production technology through the stages of feedstock preparation, heating, chemical mixing, and printing, it is expected to produce good quality of biodegradable plastic, eco-friendly product and feasible to support the development of the economic sector in Papua.

H. Serrano-Ruiz, L. Martin-Closas, and A. M. Pelacho, “Biodegradable plastic mulches: Impact on the agricultural biotic environment,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 750. Elsevier B.V., Jan. 01, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141228.

E. Balestri, V. Menicagli, F. Vallerini, and C. Lardicci, “Biodegradable plastic bags on the seafloor: A future threat for seagrass meadows?,” Sci. Total Environ., vol. 605-606, pp. 755-763, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.249.

A. Folino, A. Karageorgiou, P. S. Calabrí², and D. Komilis, “Biodegradation of Wasted Bioplastics in Natural and Industrial Environments: A Review,” Sustainability, vol. 12, no. 15, p. 6030, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.3390/su12156030.

E. Kamsiati, H. Herawati, and E. Y. Purwani, “Potensi Pengembangan Plastik Biodegradable Berbasis Pati Sagu dan Ubikayu di Indonesia / The Development Potential of Sago and Cassava Starch-Based Biodegradable Plastic in Indonesia,” J. Penelit. dan Pengemb. Pertan., vol. 36, no. 2, p. 67, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.21082/jp3.v36n2.2017.p67-76.

S. Patnaik, A. K. Panda, and S. Kumar, “Thermal degradation of corn starch based biodegradable plastic plates and determination of kinetic parameters by isoconversional methods using thermogravimetric analyzer,” J. Energy Inst., vol. 93, no. 4, pp. 1449-1459, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.joei.2020.01.007.

T. N. Tran, B. T. Mai, C. Setti, and A. Athanassiou, “ Transparent Bioplastic Derived from CO 2 -Based Polymer Functionalized with Oregano Waste Extract toward Active Food Packaging ,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 12, no. 41, pp. 46667-46677, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c12789.

F. Bilo et al., “A sustainable bioplastic obtained from rice straw,” J. Clean. Prod., vol. 200, pp. 357-368, Nov. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.252.

M. Rosseto, D. D. Krein, N. P. Balbí©, and A. Dettmer, “Starch-gelatin film as an alternative to the use of plastics in agriculture: a review,” J. Sci. Food Agric., vol. 99, no. 15, pp. 6671-6679, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9944.

D. P. Kamdem, Z. Shen, and O. Nabinejad, “Development of biodegradable composite chitosan-based films incorporated with xylan and carvacrol for food packaging application,” Food Packag. Shelf Life, vol. 21, p. 100344, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100344.

E. Bertoft, “Understanding Starch Structure: Recent Progress,” Agronomy, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 56, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.3390/agronomy7030056.

C. Amni, Ismet, S. Aprilia, and Mariana, “Study on biodegradable plastic from sago with addition of glycerol and serbitor,” in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Nov. 2019, vol. 365, no. 1, p. 012052, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/365/1/012052.

A. Putra, “Bacterial Cellulose-BasedBiodegradable Plasticfrom Pineapple (Ananassativus) Skin Waste: The Effectof Sorbitol On The QualityOf The Biodegradableplastic,” J. Chem. Nat. Resour., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 50-63, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.32734/jcnar.v1i1.835.

B. Khan, M. Bilal Khan Niazi, G. Samin, and Z. Jahan, “Thermoplastic Starch: A Possible Biodegradable Food Packaging Material-A Review,” J. Food Process Eng., vol. 40, no. 3, p. e12447, Jun. 2017, doi: 10.1111/jfpe.12447.

P. Hema Prabha and T. V. Ranganathan, “Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film,” Int. J. Biol. Macromol., vol. 120, no. Pt A, pp. 361-370, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.100.

I. Mutmainna, D. Tahir, P. Lobo Gareso, and S. Ilyas, “Synthesis composite starch-chitosan as biodegradable plastic for food packaging,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Nov. 2019, vol. 1317, no. 1, p. 012053, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1317/1/012053.

AbdulRasheed-Adeleke Tawakaltu, E. C. Egwim, S. S. Ochigbo, and P. C. Ossai, “Effect of Acetic Acid and Citric Acid Modification on Biodegradability of Cassava starch Nanocomposite Films,” J. Mater. Sci. Eng. B, vol. 5, no. 10, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.17265/2161-6221/2015.9-10.005.

Indonesia Statistics, “Papua in Figure 2016,” 2016. [Online]. Available: https://papua.bps.go.id/publication/2016/02/29/fb003ac0d1135fee94125b7c/papua-Dalam-Angka-2015.Html.

Mubekti, “Spatial Statistics for Estimating Sago Stock in West Papua, Indonesia = Statistika Spasial untuk Estimasi Stok Sagu di Papua Barat, Indonesia,” J. Teknol. Lingkung., vol. 14, no. 2, p. 95, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.29122/jtl.v14i2.1427.

N. J. Miller, T. W. Griffin, I. A. Ciampitti, and A. Sharda, “Farm adoption of embodied knowledge and information intensive precision agriculture technology bundles,” Precis. Agric., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 348-361, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s11119-018-9611-4.

E. Ogunsona, E. Ojogbo, and T. Mekonnen, “Advanced material applications of starch and its derivatives,” European Polymer Journal, vol. 108. Elsevier Ltd, pp. 570-581, Nov. 01, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.09.039.

M. Hindun Pulungan and V. Suryo Qushayyi, “Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradeble Pati Sagu (kajian penambahan kitosan dan gelatin),” 2015.

N. Suderman, M. I. N. Isa, and N. M. Sarbon, “The effect of plasticizers on the functional properties of biodegradable gelatin-based film: A review,” Food Bioscience, vol. 24. Elsevier Ltd, pp. 111-119, Aug. 01, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.06.006.

D. Oetary, S. Syaubari, and M. Riza, “Pengujian Mekanik dan Biodegradabilitas Plastik Biodegradable Berbahan Baku Pati Bonggol Pisang dengan Penambahan Kitosan, Sorbitol, dan Minyak Kayu Manis,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. 4, no. 2, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.32672/jse.v4i2.1423.

I. Prabasari, N. A. Utama, and C. K. Setiawan, “Synergism Between Sago Starch and Chitosan in Enhancing Biodegradable Film Properties,” in ICoSI 2014, Springer Singapore, 2017, pp. 93-100.

Marichelvam, Jawaid, and Asim, “Corn and Rice Starch-Based Bio-Plastics as Alternative Packaging Materials,” Fibers, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 32, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.3390/fib7040032.

M. C. G. Pellí¡ et al., “Effect of gelatin and casein additions on starch edible biodegradable films for fruit surface coating,” Food Chem., vol. 309, p. 125764, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125764.

Y. L. Imran, G. S. Hutomo, and A. Rahim, “Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Sagu (Metroxylon sp),” e-Journal Agrotekbis, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 38-46, 2014.

A. Shafqat, N. Al-Zaqri, A. Tahir, and A. Alsalme, “Synthesis and characterization of starch based bioplatics using varying plant-based ingredients, plasticizers and natural fillers,” Saudi J. Biol. Sci., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1739-1749, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.12.015.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
    3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).