DOI : https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.12.6.16264

Study of the Factors Affecting the Quality and Safety of Deep Excavations in Urban Areas of Casablanca-Settat Province-Morocco

Boulaid Ghizlane (1), Ouadif Latifa (2), Bahi Lahcen (3)
(1) Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Geotechnics and Geology of Engineers and Environment, Mineral Engineering Department, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University, Ibn Sina Avenue, Rabat, 765, Morocco
(2) Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Geotechnics and Geology of Engineers and Environment, Mineral Engineering Department, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University, Ibn Sina Avenue, Rabat, 765, Morocco
(3) Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Geotechnics and Geology of Engineers and Environment, Mineral Engineering Department, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University, Ibn Sina Avenue, Rabat, 765, Morocco
Fulltext View | Download
How to cite (IJASEIT) :
Ghizlane, Boulaid, et al. “Study of the Factors Affecting the Quality and Safety of Deep Excavations in Urban Areas of Casablanca-Settat Province-Morocco”. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, vol. 12, no. 6, Nov. 2022, pp. 2174-9, doi:10.18517/ijaseit.12.6.16264.
Citation Format :
Understanding the project environment is essential in managing the works and controlling the risks associated with deep excavations in urban areas. The study was carried out on 33 risks related to the project site (SR) and the company (CR). The projects concerned are located in the Casablanca region. A structured survey questionnaire was sent to 100 project managers, researchers, and construction management experts to attract relevant data, which resulted in a relatively high response rate of 54%. This paper applies the principal component analysis (PCA) method to reduce the original data variables and identify risk factors associated with deep excavations. Spearman rank correlation tests show a good consensus among respondents to corroborate the results further. The PCA results in four principal factors (SR) accounting for 68% of the variance explained. Site geology, geotechnics, and hydrogeology account for 32% of the environmental and social impacts of excavation (17%), natural hazards (10%), and proximity to existing structures (8%). Moreover, four main factors (CR) explain about 72% of all the factors analyzed; non-security of the works (32%), non-quality of project staff (18%), project cost overrun (14%), and non-quality of excavation works (9%). These results are useful for critical thinking in planning excavation projects in urban areas. This study provides the urban development community with valuable information to reassess risk factors and realign project management strategies to ensure the quality and safety of deep excavations.

“Les accidents sur les chantiers de construction: quel en est le responsable”¯?,” BTP News. Jul. 2018.

“BTP”¯: Lancement de Salama II, un rí©fí©rentiel de sí©curití© dans les chantiers,” http://fnh.ma. Jul. 2021.

G. Boulaid, L. Bahi, and L. Ouadif, "Risk assessment of excavation work of different types of construction projects using AHP," Int. J. Civ. Eng. Technol., vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 861-870, 2018.

X. Zhang, J. Yang, Y. Zhang, and Y. Gao, "Cause investigation of damages in existing building adjacent to foundation pit in construction," Eng. Fail. Anal., vol. 83, pp. 117-124, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.09.016.

P. Ni and S. Mangalathu, "Fragility analysis of gray iron pipelines subjected to tunneling induced ground settlement," Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., vol. 76, pp. 133-144, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2018.03.014.

H.-B. Zhou, L.-B. Cai, and W.-J. Gao, "Statistical analysis of the accidents of foundation pit of the urban mass rail transit station," Hydrogeol. Eng. Geol., vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 67-71, 2009.

Y.-S. Xu, X.-X. Yan, S.-L. Shen, and A.-N. Zhou, "Experimental investigation on the blocking of groundwater seepage from a waterproof curtain during pumped dewatering in an excavation," Hydrogeol. J., vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 2659-2672, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s10040-019-01992-3.

X.-W. Wang, T.-L. Yang, Y.-S. Xu, and S.-L. Shen, "Evaluation of optimized depth of waterproof curtain to mitigate negative impacts during dewatering," J. Hydrol., vol. 577, p. 123969, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.123969.

H.-M. Lyu, S.-L. Shen, A. Zhou, and J. Yang, "Risk assessment of mega-city infrastructures related to land subsidence using improved trapezoidal FAHP," Sci. Total Environ., vol. 717, p. 135310, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135310.

P. Ma et al., "Remotely sensing large- and small-scale ground subsidence: A case study of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area of China," Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 232, p. 111282, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111282.

Y.-X. Wu, H.-M. Lyu, J. Han, and S.-L. Shen, "Dewatering-Induced Building Settlement around a Deep Excavation in Soft Deposit in Tianjin, China," J. Geotech. Geoenvironmental Eng., vol. 145, no. 5, 2019, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002045.

H. Abdi and L. J. Williams, "Principal component analysis," Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Comput. Stat., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 433-459, 2010, doi: 10.1002/wics.101.

N. Van Tam, N. Q. Toan, D. T. Hai, and N. L. D. Quy, "Critical factors affecting construction labor productivity: A comparison between perceptions of project managers and contractors," Cogent Bus. Manag., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 1863303, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1080/23311975.2020.1863303.

Y.-X. Wu, S.-L. Shen, H.-M. Lyu, and A. Zhou, "Analyses of leakage effect of waterproof curtain during excavation dewatering," J. Hydrol., vol. 583, p. 124582, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124582.

"Wu: Dewatering-induced building settlement around... - Google Scholar." Jul. 2021.

X. Zhang, S. Huang, S. Yang, R. Tu, and L. Jin, "Safety Assessment in Road Construction Work System Based on Group AHP-PCA," Math. Probl. Eng., vol. 2020, 2020, doi: 10.1155/2020/6210569.

A. A. Fashina, M. A. Omar, A. A. Sheikh, and F. F. Fakunle, "Exploring the significant factors that influence delays in construction projects in Hargeisa," Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 4, p. e06826, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06826.

U. H. Issa, K. G. Marouf, and H. Faheem, "Analysis of risk factors affecting the main execution activities of roadways construction projects," J. King Saud Univ. - Eng. Sci., Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jksues.2021.05.004.

J. Hair, "Multivariate Data Analysis," Fac. Publ., 2009.

M. Gunduz and E. A. Abdi, "Motivational Factors and Challenges of Cooperative Partnerships between Contractors in the Construction Industry," J. Manag. Eng., vol. 36, no. 4, p. 4020018, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000773.

J. B. H. Yap, P. L. Goay, Y. B. Woon, and M. Skitmore, "Revisiting critical delay factors for construction: Analysing projects in Malaysia," Alexandria Eng. J., vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 1717-1729, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.aej.2020.11.021.

O. Abdellatif, “Master Spí©cialisí© Gí©o-environnement et Gí©nie Civil,” 2018.

J. S. Lee and Y. S. Kim, "Analysis of cost-increasing risk factors in modular construction in Korea using FMEA," KSCE J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1999-2010, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s12205-016-0194-1.

S. Nawar, O. Hosny, and K. Nassar, "Owner Time and Cost Contingency Estimation for Building Construction Projects in Egypt," pp. 367-377, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1061/9780784481271.036.

T. Q. VU, C. P. PHAM, T. A. NGUYEN, P. T. NGUYEN, P. T. PHAN, and Q. L. H. T. T. NGUYEN, "Factors Influencing Cost Overruns in Construction Projects of International Contractors in Vietnam," J. Asian Financ. Econ. Bus., vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 389-400, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO9.389.

P. Ballesteros-Pí©rez, S. T. Smith, J. G. Lloyd-Papworth, and P. Cooke, "Incorporating the effect of weather in construction scheduling and management with sine wave curves: application in the United Kingdom," Constr. Manag. Econ., vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 666-682, Jul. 2018, doi: 10.1080/01446193.2018.1478109.

A. Maddah, A. Soroush, and R. Shafipour, "A new concept for interpretation of building-excavation interaction in 3D conditions," Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., vol. 109, p. 103757, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103757.

Q. Sun et al., "Excavation-induced deformation and damage evolution of deep tunnels based on a realistic stress path," Comput. Geotech., vol. 129, p. 103843, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103843.

X. Zhou, Y. Hu, P.-C. Liao, and D. Zhang, "Hazard differentiation embedded in the brain: A near-infrared spectroscopy-based study," Autom. Constr., vol. 122, p. 103473, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103473.

V. Abhyankar and S. Narayanan, "Foundation Stability of Existing Buildings near Upcoming Structures," 2021.

B. Tarik and H. A. Adil, "Occupational health and safety in the Moroccan construction sites: preliminary diagnosis," Int. J. Metrol. Qual. Eng., vol. 9, p. 6, Jul. 2018, doi: 10.1051/ijmqe/2018005.

A. Mohammadi, M. Tavakolan, and Y. Khosravi, "Factors influencing safety performance on construction projects: A review," Saf. Sci., vol. 109, pp. 382-397, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2018.06.017.

A. Mohammadi and M. Tavakolan, "Modeling the effects of production pressure on safety performance in construction projects using system dynamics," J. Safety Res., vol. 71, pp. 273-284, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2019.10.004.

E. Zavadskas, Z. Turskis, and J. Tamosaitiene, "Risk assesment of construction projects," J. Civ. Eng. Manag., vol. 16, pp. 33-46, 2010, doi: 10.3846/jcem.2010.03.

S. A. Z. Tsala, C. Onomo, G. Mvogo, and L. M. A. Ohandja, "Elaboration of Explanatory Factors of Accidents in Cameroon by Factorial Correspondence Analysis," J. Transp. Technol., vol. 10, no. 03, pp. 280-290, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.4236/jtts.2020.103018.

I. Avotos, "Cost-relevance analysis for overrun control," Int. J. Proj. Manag., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 142-148, Jul. 1983, doi: 10.1016/0263-7863(83)90018-2.

A. Kamal, M. Abas, D. Khan, and R. W. Azfar, "Risk factors influencing the building projects in Pakistan: from perspective of contractors, clients and consultants," Int. J. Constr. Manag., 2019, doi: 10.1080/15623599.2019.1683693.

A. Kavuma, J. Ock, and H. Jang, "Factors influencing Time and Cost Overruns on Freeform Construction Projects," KSCE J. Civ. Eng., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 1442-1450, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s12205-019-0447-x.

R. O. Asiedu and E. Adaku, "Cost overruns of public sector construction projects: a developing country perspective," Int. J. Manag. Proj. Bus., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 66-84, 2020, doi: 10.1108/IJMPB-09-2018-0177.

G. Ma and M. Wu, "A Big Data and FMEA-based construction quality risk evaluation model considering project schedule for Shanghai apartment projects," Int. J. Qual. Reliab. Manag., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 18-33, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1108/IJQRM-11-2018-0318.

Y. Pan and L. Zhang, "Roles of artificial intelligence in construction engineering and management: A critical review and future trends," Autom. Constr., vol. 122, p. 103517, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103517.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
    3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).