DOI : https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.14.4.20183

The Effect of CaCO3 and MgSO4 Fillers on the Characteristics of Biofoam Made from Oil Palm Leaf Substrate with Inoculums of Rhizopus sp. and Neurospora sitophila

Almira Natha Dewanti (1), Riska Surya Ningrum (2), Ratu Safitri (3), Tri Yuliana (4)
(1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia
(2) Research Center for Biomas and Bioapoduct, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia
(3) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia
(4) Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia
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How to cite (IJASEIT) :
Dewanti, Almira Natha, et al. “The Effect of CaCO3 and MgSO4 Fillers on the Characteristics of Biofoam Made from Oil Palm Leaf Substrate With Inoculums of Rhizopus Sp. And Neurospora Sitophila”. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, vol. 14, no. 4, Aug. 2024, pp. 1320-6, doi:10.18517/ijaseit.14.4.20183.
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Biofoam is a biodegradable material expected to replace the role and function of styrofoam. The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) industry has generated much biomass waste, including oil palm leaves. Biofoam based on the mycelium of the fungi Rhizopus sp. and Neurospora sitophila has the potential as an innovative alternative technology to replace polystyrene. The purpose of this research is to obtain the characteristics of biofoam that uses oil palm leaf fibers as a substrate with Rhizopus sp. and N. sitophila inoculums, as well as CaCO3 and MgSO4 fillers. The method used in this research is experimental in the laboratory. The first factor is the type of filler used, which includes variations of CaCO3 and MgSO4 at a 5% concentration. The second factor is the species of commercial inoculants used: Rhizopus sp. and N. sitophila at a 25% concentration. The solid fermentation study was conducted in polypropylene molds for 7 days at room temperature. The characteristic parameters observed were the number of fungal colonies, morphological analysis with a Keyence digital microscope, water absorption test, biodegradability test, and compressive strength test. The study results showed that the mycelium of Rhizopus sp. could grow well on the oil palm leaf substrate with a 7-day incubation period at room temperature (27°C), resulting in 12.1 x 10³ CFU/g. The mycelium of N. sitophila could not grow on the oil palm leaf substrate within the 7-day incubation period. Characterization and morphological analysis tests showed that the biofoam quality closest to the standard was the formulation of Rhizopus sp. biofoam with the addition of CaCO3 and MgSO4. Both formulations met the water absorption and biodegradability standards but did not meet the compressive strength standards based on (SNI) 7188.7:2016.

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