Enhancing Low-Cost Apartment Performance: A Comparative Study on Passive Design Implementation

Dewi Larasati; Takeshi Asawa; Arnott Ferels; Heidi Aisha; Yulita Hanifah

doi:10.18517/ijaseit.15.3.20462

DOI : https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.15.3.20462

Enhancing Low-Cost Apartment Performance: A Comparative Study on Passive Design Implementation

Dewi Larasati ⁽¹⁾, Takeshi Asawa ⁽²⁾, Arnott Ferels ⁽³⁾, Heidi Aisha ⁽⁴⁾, Yulita Hanifah ⁽⁵⁾

(1) Building Technology Research Group, School of Architecture, Planning, and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

(2) School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

(3) Building Technology Research Group, School of Architecture, Planning, and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

(4) Building Technology Research Group, School of Architecture, Planning, and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

(5) Building Technology Research Group, School of Architecture, Planning, and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

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D. Larasati, T. Asawa, A. Ferels, H. Aisha, and Y. Hanifah, “Enhancing Low-Cost Apartment Performance: A Comparative Study on Passive Design Implementation”, Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 669–679, Jun. 2025.

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The national infrastructure program, designed to improve connectivity between urban centers and surrounding regions, has significantly increased apartment construction, particularly in transit-oriented development (TOD) zones. However, this expansion raises concerns over energy consumption and carbon emissions throughout the building’s life cycle. This study evaluates the green performance of an environmentally sustainable apartment prototype that incorporates passive design strategies to reduce cooling energy demand. The study employs various performance tools, including OTTV calculations for EDGE buildings, OpenStudio, and SEFAIRA, to assess the prototype’s effectiveness in reducing cooling load, improving thermal efficiency, lowering OTTV, enhancing energy efficiency, and reducing carbon emissions. The prototype outperforms nearby standard public housing units, achieving a 34% reduction in OTTV, a 4% improvement in energy efficiency, a 17.6% decrease in annual energy use intensity (EUI) (81.4 kWh/m²/year vs. 98.8 kWh/m²/year), and a 20% reduction in cooling energy consumption. Additionally, field measurements show a temperature difference of 7 to 9°C between indoor and outdoor environments during daylight hours. These results suggest that the prototype can be a benchmark for low-emission, energy-efficient apartment models in Indonesia. Future research should explore the long-term performance of passive design, the cost-effectiveness of low-cost housing, real-time data collection via IoT integration, and studies on occupant behavior and satisfaction.

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