Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste As Refuse Derived Fuel in the Cement Industry
How to cite (IJASEIT) :
Sagala, Gabroni, et al. “Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste As Refuse Derived Fuel in the Cement Industry”. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, vol. 8, no. 4, Aug. 2018, pp. 1062-70, doi:10.18517/ijaseit.8.4.3469.
Citation Format :
In Indonesia, waste processing is a very complicated problem especially in major industries such as the cement industry. Demand for cement in Indonesia is very high and recorded to reach 69.8 million tons in 2015. Indocement, the 2nd largest cement manufacturer in Indonesia, reported that in 2015 the demand for cement reached 13.32 million tons of clinker and is projected to rise by an average of 2.61% per year. Higher demand for cement results in higher energy required which leads to higher use of solid fuels (coal). Municipal solid waste (MSW) can be used as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) using advanced pre-treatment. Pre-treatment is a way to set aside MSW material that cannot be used as energy such as glass, metal, chunks and other materials. In addition, it also serves as technology to reduce moisture content in waste. This study evaluated the potential of RDF as solid fuel in the Cement Industry. Two scenarios were tested to forecast RDF potential from 2015 to 2050 (35 years). The scenarios concerned Indonesia’s regulations on 3R Program, MSW level of service, and variables of the waste composition. Since Indocement is located in Kabupaten (District) Bogor, Indonesia, the source of RDF is also generated in the area. Kabupaten Bogor produced MSW amounting to 1,787 tons/day in 2015, and each year it will increase along with the increasing growth of population. In 2015, the energy required to produce 12.62 million tons of clinker amounted to 9.87 billion Mcal, whereas the available energy from RDF was 1.15 billion Mcal. After the year 2050, the energy required is projected to reach 34.51 billion Mcal to produce 25 million tons of clinker, while RDF energy available for that year will only be 1.73 billion McCall, so it is necessary to close the coal in the energy shortage. RDF energy generated in Kabupaten Bogor only meets 3-6% of the energy required per year by the cement industry. It can be concluded that the use of RDF as fuel is not sufficient to cover the needs of energy in the cement industry. The need for supply in other cities in the form of MSW itself and/or solid waste meets the supply of energy in the cement industry. Receiving RDF from neighboring towns or setting up cooperation with nearby factories to process RDF can be a solution for energy shortage in the supply of RDF in Bogor.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).