DOI : https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.8.3.3985

Utilization of Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber of Palm Oil Industry for Bio-Hydrogen Production

Eka Sari (1), Mohammad Effendy (2), Nufus Kanani (3), - Wardalia (4), - Rusdi (5)
(1) Chemical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Banten, Indonesia,
(2) Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Technology Institute of Adhi Tama Surabaya, Surabaya Indonesia
(3) Chemical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Banten, Indonesia,
(4) Chemical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Banten, Indonesia,
(5) Chemical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Banten, Indonesia,
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How to cite (IJASEIT) :
Sari, Eka, et al. “Utilization of Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber of Palm Oil Industry for Bio-Hydrogen Production”. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, vol. 8, no. 3, June 2018, pp. 842-8, doi:10.18517/ijaseit.8.3.3985.
Citation Format :
Empty fruit bunch fiber (EFBf) is a type of biomass waste generated by the palm oil industry, which accounts for approximately 22-23% of the total fresh fruit produced to make CPO. Currently, the total waste of EFBf  in Indonesia stands at about 5 million tons per year. It is necessary, therefore, to find solutions for utilizing this abundance. One alternative is to produce bio-hydrogen from the EFBf bio-mass waste. The early stage of the process was to convert EFBF biomass waste into bio-ethanol, which could then be subjected to high temperatures in a ‘cracking’ process to produce bio-hydrogen. The characteristics of the bio-ethanol were analysed, and it was used as Bio-ethanol Reformer, a raw material in the cracking process. The results showed that a pre-treatment process using sodium hydroxide at a concentration of 6% for 60 minutes resulted in an 86.69% elimination of lignin. Pre-treated EBFf bio-mass waste hydrolysed using sulphuric acid at a concentration of 6% for 60 minutes, produced 0.6054% glucose. The fermentation process showed 6.58% bio-ethanol.  Based on the characteristics of the bio-ethanol produced in this experiment, a simulation calculation for the production of bio-hydrogen was then performed using the cracking process of bio-ethanol with specified process conditions. The simulation calculations showed that the yield of bio-hydrogen in the cracking process reached 21.4%.

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